Comparing The Reversal Design And Multiple Baseline Theory

In comparison to the reversal design mentioned in Chapter 4, the multiple baseline design is useful when testing a treatment that produces irreversible effects, such as teaching a reading technique. Similar to a reversal design, a multiple baseline design starts with a baseline condition, proceeding with a treatment condition. Alternatively, a researcher using a multiple baseline design does not repeat a baseline measurement after the treatment is implemented. This design was originally developed for behavioral psychologists (Compton, 2010), but the application has spread; this design is an informative tool for investigating changes in behavior over time. According to Horner et al. (2005), multiple baseline studies involve giving a treatment at different delays after a baseline measure is made. This is usually done using the baselines of multiple participants in order to prevent any confounding results produced by multiple presentations of the treatment condition, although it is true that some multiple baseline designs measure treatment effects at different delays using a single participant (Cozby, 2009). In a multiple baseline design involving multiple participants, each participant receives the same treatment condition; the time at which treatment is received differs across participants. In the case that a researcher was using a multiple baseline design to measure how the latency at which participants make cued decisions is affected by injections of phencyclidine (PCP),Show MoreRelatedAutism Case Study1717 Words   |  7 Pagessevere behavior when demands are not met immediately. Prior to intervention, a detailed clinical interview with the parents and behavioral observations using both the Sensory Integration (SI) Inventory and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) revealed multiple behaviors. Throughout the intervention process, a clinical psychologist, occupational therapist, and the parents followed specific procedures in a sequence of Behavior Modificati on (using positive and negative reinforcements following desirable andRead MoreCurrent Issues and Trends in Assessment in Early Childhood Education6428 Words   |  26 Pagespublic school choice and supplemental services for students in failing schools as early as fall 2002. Integrate scientifically based reading research into comprehensive instruction for young children. Set and monitor adequate yearly progress, based on baseline 2001–2002 data. Issue annual report cards on school performance and statewide test results by 2002–2003. Implement annual, standards-based assessments in reading and math for grades 3 to 8 by 2005–2006. Assure that all classes are taught by a qualifiedRead MoreFinancial Statements Fraud56771 Words   |  228 PagesDzuranin. To my dissertation committee, thank you for reviewing, improving, supporting, criticizing and editing my dissertation. I am grateful to Dr. Chari for mentoring me, for emphasizing the importance of producing quality research, for guiding me in design science research, for working with me on the first essay and for prioritizing my development as a researcher over obtaining research assistance. I am thankful to Dr. Reck for introducing me to and guiding me in the archival research method, for helpingRead MoreHistory of Management Thought Revision17812 Words   |  72 Pagescould inspire or force workers to stop natural soldiering. f. Systematic soldiering resulted from group pressures for individuals to conform to output norms set by the work group. Taylor attributed this to a lump of labor theory. (Have your students define this theory and see if they can cite examples of group pressures -- at work, school, or wherever). g. Taylor felt he could overcome soldiering and improve the situation if workers knew that the production standards were established by aRead MoreEurope Economic Crisis55278 Words   |  222 Pagesthe lead in developing guidelines on the design of labour market policies during the crisis. The EU has played an important role to provide guidance as to how state aid policies – including to the financial sector – could be shaped so as to pay respect to competition rules. Moreover, the EU has provided balance-of payments assistance jointly with the IMF and World Bank to Member States in Central and Eastern Europe, as these have been exposed to reversals of international capital flows. 2 ExecutiveRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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William Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream,...

Part One: Author Biography The great English writer, William Shakespeare, was born around April of 1564 in Stratford, England. He was the son of John and Mary Shakespeare and had two older sisters and three younger brothers. He later married Anne Hathaway in 1582 and had three children, two being twin girls. By 1597, Hamlet had begun to establish himself, and 15 out of the 37 plays he wrote were published. From then on, Shakespeare’s works continued to be published. Shakespeare is now said to be a famous English poet because of his works such as Romeo and Juliet, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Macbeth, and Hamlet. Part Two: Analysis/ Theme The tragedy of Hamlet by William Shakespeare takes the reader on a journey throughout Hamlet’s many†¦show more content†¦(Shakespeare, I.ii. Lines 76-86) Hamlet seems to be the only person still in deep mourning over his father’s passing. Gertrude has already remarried his uncle, and his uncle, now step-father, is satisfied with the happenings because he now has the crown and the queen. It is understandable why Hamlet would be suicidal because he is alone in his mourning for his father, and everyone else continues to tell him to move on and forget about his father’s tragic death. Alongside this, Hamlet also explains his suicidal thoughts by describing the morals that he holds. Hamlet does not want to live a life under the rule of his uncle, Claudius, because of what he has done to the real king. In the famous excerpt â€Å"To be or not to be...,† Hamlet explains his moral views on whether a life is worth living due to the circumstances at hand (Shakespeare, III. i. Lines 56-89). This analysis by Dr. Jenkins was written in an effort to depict the reasoning behind the famous excerpt by stating: In the opening lines, Hamlet displays initial indecision and is overwhelmed by his problems. Is it nobler to endure outrageous misfortune, which would kill him, or take arms against the problems? Which, in turn, would also kill him†¦Hamlet views suicide and death as a form of sleep, to die--to sleep,Show MoreRelatedDefining The Terms Renaissance And Humanism875 Words   |  4 Pagesscientific and artistic transformation and advancement between the Middle Ages and the early stages of the Modern age in Europe (2014). In the New World Encyclopedia article â€Å"Humanism†, Humanism’s scope primarily focuses on human beings: human being s place in relations to nature, human potential, human beauty, etc. etc. etc. (2014). 2. Who were the Medici’s? The Medici family dynasty comprised of former bankers and commerce men who became powerful rulers (four members of the Medici family went onRead MoreLa Story and Shakespeare1546 Words   |  7 Pagesbears a tiny resemblance to the play it was borrowed from. At other times, there will be a direct quote credited to Shakespeare himself. Or there will be a scene directly taken from a Shakespeare play, almost verbatim. The movie itself serves as a model of the influence that Shakespeare has had on filmmaking. The movie is credited with being a variation on A Midsummer Nights Dream. This is a more subtle lifting of the works. The similarities are limited to the device of the confused lovers, andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On The Course Of World History1440 Words   |  6 PagesWaldo Emerson, a famous essayist inspired by Shakespeare’s works. William Shakespeare was a renowned author, poet, actor, and playwright. He has contributed to many components of life today such as; founding modern English language, contributing to literature, contributing to modern theater, and contributing many of his works to modern English. William Shakespeare has greatly impacted the course of world history. William Shakespeare was believed to be born on April 23,1564, in his hometown of Stratford-upon-AvonRead MoreThe Main Beneficiary In Shakespeare’S Will Was Susanna,1256 Words   |  6 Pagesgather that Shakespeare adored Susanna and loved her dearly. Had he not adored her, she more than likely would not have been mentioned in his will as often as she was and he would not have written plays based on her. William Shakespeare is credited with writing several plays throughout his lifetime. Some are certainly more well known than others. Shakespeare wrote comedies such as Tempest, Twelfth Night, and Midsummer Night’s Dream. Some examples of his tragedies include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and MacbethRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream And Fool1401 Words   |  6 Pagesworks of William Shakespeare. While their individual personalities and functions differ from play to play, the reoccurrence of the Shakespearean fool suggests that fools serve as an important institution of the Shakespearean stage. But what is the role of the Shakespeare’s fools in his works? And how do particular characteristics about these fools help them achieve this purpose? Through an in-depth analysis of Shakespeare’s arguably two most famous fools, Puck (Robin Goodfellow) from A Midsummer Night’sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s English Literature Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare has been best known for his poems, plays and masterful piece of writings in the English language. He has been referred to as the England s national poet and the Bard of Avon. He produced over thirty eight plays, hundred fifty four sonnets, five poems, and more verses. Shakespeare s plays consist of mainly tragedies, comedies and histories which are regarded as one of the best in those genres. The plays, the poems, and the sonnets have had a significance influence in EnglishRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1231 Words   |  5 Pages William Shakespeare is certainly one of the best known playwrighters of the theater history for having written plays such as Romeo and Juliet or Macbeth. A feature of Shakespearean theater is so-called â€Å"theatre within a theatre†, â€Å"drama within a drama† or more generallyâ€Å"a play within a play†, i.e a play where the author stagged, at some time, an other theater play inside this one. Many of his plays can be qualified as â€Å"plays within plays† and espacially Hamlet and A Midsummer Night s Dream. ThereforeRead More The Supernatural in Macbeth Essay3374 Words   |  14 PagesThe Supernatural in Macbeth       More than a few elements of the supernatural can be discovered within the action and dialogue of Shakespeares plays.   However, the extent and nature of those elements differs to a large degree.   There are traces of it to be found in Henry V, Pardon, gentles all,/The flat unraised spirit that hath dard...to bring forth/So great and object (Lucy   1).  Ã‚   There are also elements of it apparent in Winters Tale, What I did not well I meant well (Lucy  Read MoreSupernatural Soliciting Within Shakespeare s Macbeth1728 Words   |  7 Pages2017 Supernatural Soliciting within Shakespeare s Macbeth Shakespeare’s Macbeth is broadly known as a cursed play by a myriad of individuals globally. Given its appalling history of death and disorder, as well as the supernatural elements present within the play, many have come to the latter conclusion. To add, Macbeth is also a tragedy, adding more malediction to the already allegedly accursed play. To create such a tragic, ill-fated play, Shakespeare uses a vast variety of supernaturalRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet977 Words   |  4 PagesMany will respond with a likely sarcastic response, but tell you of the man known as William Shakespeare. He’s most popular for his drama play called Romeo and Juliet, but holds credentials in the literary department for much more than that. He’s written dozens of plays, many dramas such as MacBeth and Hamlet, with some noteworthy comedies for the time period like Much Ado about Nothing and A Midsummer s Night Dream. While some of his plays have straightforwa rd storylines and the title is extremely

My Professional Development Plan Essay - 1081 Words

My Professional Development Plan Tracie Johnson NUR/391 July 26, 2010 Andrea M. Abt My Professional Development Plan My professional development plan is to grow as a nurse by obtaining knowledge through school and daily life and work experiences. In five to 10 years, I will be able care for patients and their families as a nurse practitioner. Setting short-term and long-term goals will help guide through the journey to transition into the role of professional nursing and provide new opportunities for the future. Beliefs and values influence the decisions or choices people make in their personal and professional lives. My philosophy of nursing incorporates my beliefs and values, which includes being an advocate for patients and†¦show more content†¦I am striving to achieve professionalism and growth in roles and values while going through the bachelor’s degree in nursing program. I plan on taking each class one at a time, try to do my best, and gain the knowledge needed to grow in the nursing profession. By October 2010, I should obtain my bachelor’s degree in nursing, which will provide new opportunities, such as management, and educator positions. A bachelor’s degree in nursing will provide the opportunity to further my education to a master’s degree level. By fall of 2010, I plan on starting the Master’s of Science in Nursing and Family Nurse Practitioner program at University of Phoenix. I want to sit for the national boards certifying exam by the end of 2013. After completion of the requirements, I must submit the documentation to the South Carolina State Board of Nursing. I plan on working for a family practice, which will give me opportunity to work in both the hospital and office setting. Income is not the main reason for my desire to advance in my profession, but it is important to note that the United States Census Bureau 2004 data states that income levels rise as educational levels rise. Income will help me continue my education as well as my children and obtain other goals such as traveling around the world andShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of My Personal Professional Development Plan1500 Words   |  6 PagesI plan to improve at least three skills over the next three years. The skills I am working on include, better time management, communication, and having a stronger teacher voice. I plan to work on these goals throughout my time at York College of Pennsylvania and achieve them by the time I have completed my student teaching, which will be in three years. If I feel a goal has been achieved before I complete my student teaching, I plan to add a new goal, while still focusing on my previous goals toRead MoreMy Professional Development Plan After Graduation1685 Words   |  7 PagesAs discussed from my professional development plan after graduation, I want to take further steps to work for Admissions. Luckily, as a part of my current job, I am given the opportunity to meet the Temple s Admission staff because they rotate to Ambler each week. To meet all the Admissions staff, this usually takes up to two weeks to know them personally Admissions staff from different schools within Temple University also come to the Ambler campus to meet with prospective students within theRead MoreAfter Writing My Professional Development Plan, I Thought1807 Words   |  8 PagesAfter writing my Professional Development Plan, I thought about a person who had knowledge of my desired position, but who also had experienced things in their life that would translate into their work ethics. After much thought, I turned to Dana Yorko. A family friend and a woman who has had experience in both the corporate world and life. Dana currently works as an General Manager for a company titled American Executive Centers. 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In Principle-Centered Leadership, Stephen Covey (1992) states, careful planning helps us maintain a sense of perspective, purpose, and ordered priorities, (p. 77). Without perspective, purpose, and ordered priorities, one can become distracted, discouraged, and dismayed when their goals have yet to be met. Coveys flagship book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective PeopleRead MorePromote Professional Development1216 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment Task: Promote Professional development As a manager in your setting you know that the ability to reflect on your own practice is an essential skill. You have decided to prepare a set of guidance notes on the principles of professional development for your staff team which; 1 – Understand principles of professional development 1.1 Explains the importance of continually improving knowledge and practice. In my opinion I believe it is important to continue to develop and improve my knowledge and practiceRead MoreThe Planning Phase Of A Annual Expectation818 Words   |  4 PagesPlan The planning phase to accomplish the goals is to organize workshops, this will allow the group or individual to focus on their important issues. These workshops can place the followers and the leaders on the right track, and engaging in these workshop activities can even improve or life, the morale and restore a commitment to the groups and the organization. The timeline would be set to a yearly expectation, but will be available to everyone year around (Responsible Conduct in Research MentoringRead MoreWhat Important Information Can You Learn From Them?933 Words   |  4 PagesWhich two would be easy to implement in your school? What important information can you learn from them? The two professional development designs that would be easy to implement at my school is Partnerships and Shadowing Students. 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Rule of Law in the Constitution - 1448 Words

Introduction A ‘free society’ is a system of interaction between humans wherein every person can participate in a civilised manner and without discrimination. In Australia, the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (Imp) is the primary source by which society operates as an essentially free society. This paper seeks to establish that the functioning of such a society is dependent upon the existence of a legal framework supporting the rule of law, which is ultimately, an ideology. Analogically, the circumstances in which the application of the rule of law has either created a free society or undermined it will be explored and its purposes thus inferred to construct a definition of the ‘rule of law’ reflecting contemporary†¦show more content†¦In asserting its judicial independence, the High Court in Plaintiff S157/2002 v Commonwealth stated it was ‘the ultimate decision-maker in all matters where there is a contest.’ Zywicki suggests that as long as the court follows precedent and thereby gives individuals more certainty of knowledge over the rights they possess, ‘social coordination and economic wealth’ will increase. The courts would not be relying on its discretion, but rules which will apply equally in the future. Thus, refining Dicey’s definition, Zywicki views ‘rule-based decision making’ as a basic concept of the rule of law. Contrarily, Sykes suggests discretion may be a ‘matter of necessary efficiency’ which is more valuable than strictly adhering to the rule of law. The rule of law, then, does not encapsulate the absolute value of society. Sykes refers to police discretionary power; however, this concept of balancing the rule of law against other values may be extended to situations wherein exceptions and defences in law apply to certain groups. Consider the conferral of legal privilege and the requirement of confidentiality on legal practitioners in criminal law- whereas equality before the law operates in favour of the client, the law of legal privilege applies only to legal practitioners. As Sykes emphasises, ‘it would be unjust if the law failed to account for social difference and disadvantage...’ Zywicki would concur and modifies theShow MoreRelatedThe Rule Of Law And The Uk Constitution1298 Words   |  6 PagesThe rule of law is seen as being one of the most fundament al components of the UK constitution as well as being a principle that is concerned with restricting parliamentary action. Though the rule of law is seen to be a component in the constitution; the actual meaning of the rule of law has been very problematic to interpret. This is considerably down to the fact that it means different things to different people as since the nineteenth century, academics, politicians and judges have proposed diverseRead MoreUKs Constitution: The Rule of Law and Parliamentary Sovereignty 1669 Words   |  7 PagesParliamentary sovereignty, a core principle of the UKs constitution, essentially states that the Parliament is the ultimate legal authority, which possesses the power to create, modify or end any law. The judiciary cannot question its legislative competence, and a Parliament is not bound by former legislative provisions of earlier Parliaments. 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According to Austin law is a command given by a superior to an inferior and enforced by material sanctions. Positive law is a creation of sovereign. It emphasizes that the sovereign is a superior and commands of the sovereign is law, and disobedience of commands is accompanied by punishment. Law is the expression of

Ethical Ethics Of An Ethical Corporation Is Not An Oxymoron

An ethical corporation is not an oxymoron. History is littered with tales of deceit and corruption. Human conduct towards ethics in today’s workplace is an important issue; recent headlines show consequences of unethical behavior on both companies and employees. Contained within the basic code of ethics in the workplace are words like, trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, (Chatov, 1980). Consider questions like, is it ethical to take office supplies from work for home use, or is it ethical to use company time for personal business? What is ethical behavior? The meaning of a code ethics in the workplace for most; is to conform to accepted basic standards ethical conduct and especially professional conduct when dealing with data, e. g. scientific research, accurate statistics. In other words, ethics is putting principles into actions and consistency between what we say we value and our actions, as a matter of integrity. An action is not proper just because you can get away with it like, an executive having an affair with another co-worker, or watching videos of funny cats, when you should be doing monthly reports on sales. Stealing and lying are unacceptable conduct in the workplace, as they are anywhere else. There is a world of difference between what you have the right to do and what is right to do. A basic workplace ethical code comes from the desire to benefit society and professions as a whole (Calderon, 2012). This paper proceeds as follows.Show MoreRelatedThe Role Of Ethics And Social Responsibility On Developing A Strategic Plan746 Words   |  3 Pages Ethics is the â€Å"consensually accepted standards of behavior for an occupation, trade, or profession† (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. G4). Ethics in business involve different standards based on the location and customs. What is ethically acceptable in one environment may not be acceptable in another. Analyzing ethics is essential when developing strategic plans. Some even may argue that there is no such thing as business ethics (Wheelen Hunger, 2010). The whole concept of ethics and business is a bitRead MoreThe Importance of Ethics in Business Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesEthics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the principles correlated to human behavior concerning the rightness and wrongness of specific conduct, and to the good and bad that influences and ends those actions (Ditonary.com, 2011). In other words, ethics is the choice people effect in regards to a decision they need to achieve. Without ethics directing the choice an individual makes, moral prefe rences of what should or should not be done becomes irrelevant. While ethical decisions areRead MoreBusiness Ethics Is Not an Oxymoron1431 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Is Not An Oxymoron by Dexter Calma Ateneo Graduate School of Business Business, in a very simplified definition, describes an exchange of something for another. In this context, it can be implied that there is a fiduciary understanding that the parties involved receive goods or services that are of equal value according to the appraisal system that they have agreed upon, whether it is based on units of measurement, or just mere goodwill. Thus, ethical standards that are appliedRead MoreThe Corporation Joel Bakan Presents Arguments872 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, The Corporation Joel Bakan presents arguments, that corporations are nothing but institutional pathological psychopaths that are â€Å"a dangerous possessor of the great power it wields over people and societies.† Their main responsibility is maximizing profit for their stockholders and ignoring the means to achieve this goal, portrays them as â€Å"psychopathic.† Bakan argues that, corporations are psychopaths, corporate social responsibility is illegal, and that corporatio ns are able to manipulateRead MoreAnalysis : The Corporation Joel Bakan878 Words   |  4 Pagesbook, The Corporation Joel Bakan, presents arguments: that corporations are nothing but institutional pathological psychopaths that are â€Å"a dangerous possessor of the great power it wields over people and societies.† Their main responsibility is maximizing profit for their stockholders and ignoring the means to achieve this goal. This in results portrays them as â€Å"psychopathic.† Bakan argues that: corporations are psychopaths, corporate social responsibility is illegal, and that corporations are ableRead MoreBusiness Ethics: Adelphia Scandal1476 Words   |  6 PagesAs the turn of the 21st Century evolved, it appeared as if Adelphia Communications Corporation was on a direct path of success; unbeknownst to their investors and the public, they were in reality on a direct path of destruction instead. Unfortunately, Adelphia is not the first major company in the hist ory of the United States’ business world to lose the trust of the American public, but it is certainly one of the most notable ones to do so. As the events surrounding the Adelphia scandal unfoldedRead MoreThe Issue Of Business Ethics Essay1359 Words   |  6 Pages An oxymoron acts as a form of figurative language that grasps the attention of the reader and puts emphasis on two or more words. In the context of everyday life we hear some â€Å"normal† oxymorons such as â€Å"jumbo shrimp, passive aggressive, awfully good, The Great Depression,† and of course, â€Å"business ethics.† In terms of â€Å"business ethics,† the common misconception still remains that the word, â€Å"business† and the word, â€Å"ethics† should never be adjacent. Primarily, I find this misconception offensiveRead MoreTesco and The Horsemeat Scandal1413 Words   |  6 Pagesrevolves around Tesco’s issues with Corporate Social Responsibility (Hench f orth know as CSR) as they didn’t hold themselves to the stakeholders and society in general. These issues with CSR can be explained through applying agency theory and various ethical theories. Furthermore the actions taken by Tesco will be examined; both how they handled the scandal and the repercussions for parties involved in the scandal. Finally the effect of this scandal on Tesco’s overall performance will be assessed andRead More The ethics in which we work Essay1885 Words   |  8 PagesThe ethics in which we work Human Resources Through out the course of this class my thoughts and views on the aspect alone of the human resources department has changed. I once thought this was a department that had little to no foothold in the dynamics of a corporation. However it is now evident to me that with out the HR department the entire functionality of any organization would crumble to ruins. For this research paper the assignment was to investigate and research one aspect ofRead MoreBusiness Ethics Notes3727 Words   |  15 Pagesfor Business Ethics Business ethics can be defined as written and unwritten codes of principles and values that govern decisions and actions within a company. In the business world, the organization’s culture sets standards for determining the difference between good and bad decision making and behavior. In the most basic terms, a definition for business ethics boils down to knowing the difference between right and wrong and choosing to do what is right. The phrase business ethics can be used

Amercian Medical Association Early Bar and Club Closing

Question: Discuss about theAmercian Medical Associationfor Early Bar and Club Closing. Answer: Introduction The Australian Medical Association (AMA) was established in 1962. From past 60 years, AMA is one of the influential organizations: it represents registered medical and physicians students in Australia. The AMA has cooperated with government so that organization can increase and maintain provision of word class medical care to all Australians. AMA supports medical profession by providing them a range of basic services that includes:- Protecting the professionals. Academic and economic independence of physicians. Welfare of physicians. The legal, political and industrial interests of physicians. The association also assists medical students and doctors in training so that it helps them to improve their professional skills and increase their medical knowledge. The AMA is concerned about the needs to reduce alcohol-related violence specifically among the youth (AMA, 2015). Early Bar and Club Closing Proposal Young Australians are consuming volumes of alcohol frequently. According to the research the per capital consumption of alcohol in past 15 years for Australians was nearly 10 liters. Research states that 90% Australians over 14 had drank alcohol in their lifetime, 8% drank daily and 40% drank weekly. Although the age of majority of alcohol consumer is between 40 -65, drinkers trend to young age. Apart from it young adults drink alcohol at harmful levels. Young adults aged 20-29 as well as teenagers aged 14-19 like Binge drinking, rate for young adult was high in 2007, 39.2% (Alcohol use and harms in Australia, 2009). Drinking alcohol will leads to increase in drug trade and violence. According to the survey more than half of the respondents which the sample is 12896 had witnessed violence in public events or nearby entertainment venues (Alcohol-related violence survey, 2014). For reducing violence and to keep Queenslanders healthy, the new Queensland government has proposed to close club and bar earlier. Further Development Queensland Parliament has passed the Safe Night out Legislation Amendment Bill on 6 June 2014. The objective of the bill was to drug related violence and alcohol consumption in Queenslands nightlife. The bill guarantees bad behavior was not tolerated keep a safe entertainment venue and try to change the culture of responsibility. The bill Safe night out strategy includes three elements:- Stronger penalties and compulsory counseling. Targeting policing (to provide precincts and relatively safe entertainment venues). Better prevention; government should manage the liquor licensing regime, educate teenagers and realize the clear standards of good behavior (A safe night out, 2014). In New South Wales, government has enacted the lockout laws just to close bar and club earlier. As per the law, customers who leave from licensed premises after 1:30 am will not be allowed to enter again and bottle shops who sell alcohol after 10 pm will breached the law not only this licensed premises could not serve alcohol after 3 am. After the law implemented there was a decrease in number of accidents. Flinders (a historic Sydney hotel) was closed by blaming the lockout laws. The government was not happy with earlier closed pubs because it cause loss of profits, definitely the social security is stronger and theres been a significant reduction in the level of severe trauma (Earlier pub closing times key to reducing alcohol-fuelled assaults, 2014). Safe night out strategy basically focuses on violence in entertainment centers and on wide ranging harms caused by alcohol which is the reason why AMA Queensland took this strategy. There was no clear intention on how much violence need to reduce. To reduce risk of harms AMA suggested government to pay more attention on prevention by using evidence based policy, for this government should devote to the following measures:- Help or educate minor alcohol-related offenders divert attention (especially teenagers). Forbid to sale energy drinks mixed with alcohol in bars and clubs. (After 10 pm). Alcohol companies should be prohibiting. The advertisements of alcohol should be prohibiting. Five point plan of Queensland coalition for action on alcohol should be implemented (AMA Queensland election platform, 2015). The Alcohol - Related Violence And Alcohol Harms Interpersonal violence can be divided into two sorts: - Family and intimate partner violence and Community violence (Krug et al., 2002). These sorts, again divided by the nature of violent acts: - sexual, physical and psychological, out of which sexual and physical violence are related to alcohol use (McMurran, 2013). Numerous studies says that those violent offenders had often drank alcohol shortly prior to the violent act (Chermack Giancola , 1997). Almost all the partner violent men were often heavy consumer of alcohol which leads to the violence (Leonard, 2001 2005). Heavy drinking of alcohol also leads to aggressive behavior among drinkers. As per the research the consumption of alcohol in male and female is equal but alcohol related violence is frequently done by male. According to the survey, young teenagers are highly involved in the alcohol related violence then the aged people (McMurran, 2013). There are many other side effects which are caused by consuming alcohol such as brain out of control and influence our normal logical thinking. There is a negative relationship between alcohol consumption and violence which means heavy drinking will lead to violence. Alcohol not only causes violence but it also harms our health. More than 60 diverse medical conditions including heart and circulatory problems, cirrhosis of the liver, cancer of all the internal organs and kill numerous cerebral neuronal cells, led by alcohol only. Regular drinking at high level will lead to death; take drugs in drunkenness, increases the risk of chronic illness, could lead to traffic illness, injury and violence. Alcohol could cause subsequent harms such as injuries and death in Australia. In Australia among young adults road trauma is the main cause of death. This is the reason why Australian police pay a particular attention to drink driving. Benefits Of Early Closing It could reduce the alcohol related violence. It could reduce risks of the occurrence of diverse disease. It also ensures young Australians to grow up healthier and safer. Helps in reducing the economic pressure for normal family. Helps to promote family harmony. Helps to reduce mortality rates and crime rates. It provides a better safe life for Australians. Conclusion This submission has introduced research and evidence that supports the government of early closing bars and pubs. AMA primary concern is to reduce alcohol related violence which is the primary concern in Australia. For this AMA suggested government for making strategies and for coming up with new bill, hence government has enacted the lockout laws and has passed the Safe Night out Legislation Amendment Bill which can help in reducing violence incidence. Refrences Alcohol-related violence survey results summary. (2014). Queensland Government. Online Available at: https://www.premiers.qld.gov.au/publications/categories/reports/assets/alcohol-related violence-survey-results-summary.pdf. Accessed on (February 2014). AMA Queensland Election Platform. (2015). Australian Medical Association. Online available at :https://amaq.com.au/icms_docs/208479_ama-queensland-election-platform-2015.pdf. Accessed on (15 January 2015) A Safe night out. (2014). Queensland Government. Online available at :https://www.qld.gov.au/law/crime-and-police/crime-prevention-and-statistics/a-safe night-out-and-banning-notices/a-safe-night-out/. Accessed on (24 October 2014). Chermack, S.T. and Giancola. P.R. (1997). The relation between alcohol and aggression: An integrated biopsychosocial conceptualization. Journal of Clinical Psychology Review. Vol. 17 no.6. Krug, E., Dahlberg, L., Mercy, J.A. et al. (2002). World Report on Violence and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization. Kyprl, K., Earlier pub closing times key to reducing alcohol-fuelled assaults. (2014). The Conversation. Online available at :https://theconversation.com/earlier-pub-closing-times-key-toreducing-alcohol-fuelled-assaults-23829. (3 March 2014). Leonard, K. (2001). Domestic violence and alcohol: What is known and what do we need to Know to encourage environmental interventions? Journal of Substance. Vol. 6. Leonard, K.E. (2005). Alcohol and intimate partner violence: When can we say that heavy drinking is a contributing cause of violence? Journal of Addiction. Vol. 100 no.4. McMurran, M. (2013). Alcohol-Related Violence: Prevention and Treatmen1t. First Edition. Online available at :https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/store/10.1002/97811184110 94.ch1/asset/ch1.pdf?v=1t=i90o6a9cs=d6727c3900e8fcb0e4b77773d52fffa54f2e296b Alcohol Use and Harms in Australia. (2009). Australian Medical Association. Onlineavailable at: https://ama.com.au/article/alcohol-use-and-harms-australia-2009-information-paper. Accessed on (22 June 2009).

Essay about Modern Day Child Labour Essay Example For Students

Essay about Modern Day Child Labour Essay Modern Day Child Labour While we, as Americans, are currently living in the most advanced civilization up to this time, we tend to disregard problems of exploitation and injustice to nations of lesser caliber. Luckily, we dont have to worry about the exploitation of ourchildren in factories and sweet shops laboring over machines for countless hours. We, in the United States, would never tolerate such conditions. For us, child labor is a practice that climaxed and phased away during and then after the industrial revolution. In 1998 as we approach the new millenium, child labor cannot still bea reality, or can it? Unfortunately, the employment and exploitation of children inthe work force is still alive and thriving. While this phenomenon is generally confined to third world developing nations, much of the responsibility for its existence falls to economicsuper powers, such as the United States, which supply demand for the cheaply produced goods. While our children are nestled away safely in their beds, other children half way around the world are working away to the hum of machinery well into the night. With the development of a global market place, industry and manufacturing is no longer confined to its mother country. Worldwide demand has created an expanded market for competitive goods and services. Consequently, many large corporations have located their primary centers of production overseas in third world nations, which manufacture goods at bottom line costs. This demand for cheaply produced goods has also lead to a demand for laboring workers (Henderson 49). As a result, millions of children have become bonded laborers to fulfill this need for cheap labor. Essentially, the unknowing consumer fuels this pr. .edia coverage, the world is now aware. Fortunately, this awareness has also lead to action. Since the early nineties, many international organizations have put forth much effort to ensure that this injustice is amended. With enough hard work and dedication to the cause, the issue of child labor will hopefully be nonexistent in the new millenium, providing new hope and prospects for the children of the future. Works Cited Buckley, Gail Lumet. Fashion as Baal. America 17 Aug. 1996: 5. Henderson, David R. The Case for Sweatshops. Fortune 28 Oct. 1996: 48-50. McCarthy, Abigail. Pulling the Rug Out: Lets End Child Labor. Commonweal 22 Sept. 1995: 7-8. Senser, Robert A. Danger! Children at Work. Commonweal 19 Aug. 1994: 12-14. Thullen, George. Exploitation of Children. Unesco Courier Oct. 1994: 26-28.